Mountain Biking is one off biking sports through off-road track, rough terrain using mountain bike. For mountain bike model mostly like ordinary bike, because it passes through hard terrain this bike has stronger parts than ordinary bike.
Usually mountain bike divided into several categories: Cross Country, Trail, All-Mountain (usually known as Enduro), and Downhill (known as Gravity).
Cross Country (XC)
Cross-country (XC) cycling is the most common discipline of mountain biking and is the only form of mountain biking practiced at the Olympics. XC courses and trails consist of rough forest paths and single track (sometime use double tracks), smooth fire roads, and even paved paths connecting other trails. Most cross-country trails are deemed "easy" or "intermediate", however, some paths can be difficult, even for experienced riders, such as the trails used during the Summer Olympic Games.
Cross-country bicycles are some of the lightest mountain bikes, typically between 7 and 16 kilograms. They usually have suspension forks in front and sometimes have suspension in the rear. In both the front and rear, most XC bicycles have approximately 100 millimeters of suspension travel, although some riders prefer 125 to 150 millimeters of travel as bicycle frame strength and technology advance. The geometry of the frames generally place the rider in a little more upright position than on a road bicycle but much less than on a downhill bike.
All-Mountain/Enduro
Enduro differs from cross-country (XC) racing which usually has more emphasis on cardiovascular fitness and less emphasis on technical ability, and pure downhill racing, which may contain little to no cross-country or climbing. Enduro's 'All Mountain' discipline therefore favors riders with a breadth of skill, on multi-discipline cycles. Lightweight XC bikes may lack sufficient suspension for fast downhill control, while full downhill bikes may not allow a rider to climb the uphill sections efficiently.
Enduro is a stage-race format where the winner is the rider who accumulates the lowest combined time from the timed downhill sections. Enduros typically take place over one or two days, however, week-long competitions also exist. A typical one-day enduro consists of 3 to 5 timed stages which take place on technically demanding, generally descending terrain, and often with sections of single track.
Enduro/all-mountain (AM) bikes typically weighing between 13 to 16 kilograms. These bikes tend to feature greater suspension travel, frequently as much as 150 mm of front and rear travel, often adjustable on newer mid- and high-end bikes. Designed to be able to climb and descend well, these bikes are intended to be taken on all-day rides involving both steep climbs and steep descents, hence the term 'all-mountain'.
Downhill (Gravity)
Downhill mountain biking (DH) is a genre of mountain biking practiced on steep, rough terrain that often features jumps, drops, rock gardens and other obstacles. Riders start at intervals, often seeded from slowest to fastest, and courses typically take two to five minutes to complete with winning margins being often less than a second. Riders are timed with equipment similar to that used in downhill skiing.
Downhill bikes are heavier and stronger than other mountain bikes and feature front and rear suspension with over 200mm of travel, to glide quickly over rocks and tree roots. In competitive races, a continuous course is defined on each side by a strip of tape. Depending on the format, riders have a single or double attempt to reach the finish line as fast as possible, while remaining between the two tapes designating the course. Riders must choose their line by compromising between the shortest possible line and the line that can be traveled at the highest speed. If a rider leaves the course by crossing or breaking the tape they must return to the course at the point of exit, unless they do not gain a time advantage from crossing the tape, in which case they can continue with their run.
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